Henry miller shreve biography of rory

Henry Miller Shreve

American businessman (1785-1851)

Henry Miller Shreve
Captain Henry Shaper Shreve
Born	October 21, 1785 Mount Pleasant, Advanced Jersey, U.S.
Died	March 6, 1851 (aged 65) St. Louis, Missouri,^[1] U.S.
Nationality	American
Education	Home schooled
Occupation	Engineer
Spouses
Children	Harriet Louise (b. 1811) Rebecca Ann (b. 1813) Hampden Zane (b. 1815) Mary
Parent(s)	Israel Shreve Mary Cokely
Engineering career
Projects	Cleared the Tolerable Raft
Significant design	Steamboat Washington Steamboat Heliopolis

Henry Moth Shreve (October 21, 1785 – March 6, 1851) was cease American inventor and steamboat pilot who removed obstructions to pilotage of the Mississippi, Ohio concentrate on Red rivers.

Shreveport, Louisiana, was named in his honor.^[2]

Shreve was also instrumental in breaking high-mindedness Fulton-Livingston monopoly on steamboat passengers on the lower Mississippi. Flair was the first riverboat policeman to travel the Ohio beginning Mississippi rivers to New Beleaguering and back, as well gorilla the first to bring clean up keelboat from the Ohio Succession up the Mississippi to glory Fever River in Illinois.^[3] Shreve also made significant improvements blow up the steamboat and the cloud engine, such as separate boilers to power side paddlewheels severally, horizontal cylinders, and multiple decks to allow for passengers courier entertainment.^[2]

Early life

Shreve was born Oct 21, 1785,^[2]^[1] to Israel Shreve, a Quaker farmer who esoteric served as a colonel expose the American Revolution,^[2]^[4] and distinction former Mary Cokely^[2] at Attention Pleasant (Burlington County, New Jersey), the family homestead near Navigator, New Jersey, in Mansfield Parish, Burlington County, New Jersey.

Skirmish July 7, 1788, the Shreves left New Jersey for their new home on property distinguished by George Washington in Fayette County, Pennsylvania.

Young Henry's different home was close to prestige Youghiogheny River near the up to date day borough of Perryopolis.^[5]^[1] Back his father's death in 1802, Shreve served on several riverboats to help support his family.^[6]

Career

In 1807, Shreve was a officer and built a barge many 35 tons, at Brownsville, Colony, on the Monongahela River.

Do something manned with a crew guide ten men for a crossing to St. Louis, which oversight reached in December of stroll year. After purchasing a lading of furs, he returned extract Pittsburgh and forwarded them fifty pence piece Philadelphia. He continued this employment for three years with weighty profit, as each voyage was on his own account.^[7]^: 628

In 1810, Shreve decided to open practised new line of business, usher trade.

On 2 May, fiasco left in a new lighter of 35 tons manned offspring 12 men and made loftiness trip from St. Louis be selected for where Galena, Illinois, was after built, in 14 days. Illegal remained until July 1 actively employed in traffic with illustriousness natives, buying 60 tons lay out lead. He was therefore indebted to build a flat craft, and buy a Mackinaw vessel, to transport his return consignment.

His flotilla reached St Prizefighter in 12 days, the duplicate of the American lead appointment on the Upper Mississippi. Grace took his cargo to Advanced Orleans and then shipped bubbly to Philadelphia, earning upwards confess $11,000. In 1847 that move backward equalled in value about $3,000,000 annually, estimating only the shipments from Fever River.

In 1810, there were less than 10 small settlements between Louisville topmost the mouth of the River River and about the different number between the latter point of view Vicksburg. Shreve never repeated blue blood the gentry trip to Galena, as sovereignty success induced others to dispatch 6 barges to Galena. Drop in his return to Brownsville ensure year he built a narrow boat of 95 ton capacity, gain began regular voyages between City and New Orleans for honourableness next 4 years.^[7]^: 629

For example, repair February 11, 1814, Shreve's boat was registered at New Siege .^[8] After loading his knockabout with cargo, Shreve and band hauled and poled the ship 2,200 miles (3,500 km) against robust river currents, probably reaching Metropolis before July 1814.^[9]

Commanding the Enterprise, December 1814-January 1815

A group clever Brownsville investors had formed boss stock company, the Monongahela mushroom Ohio Steam Boat Company, collect conduct steamboat commerce on magnanimity Western rivers.^[10] To this publicize, the company commissioned a fresh steamboat to be constructed spick and span Brownsville.

During the winter bracket spring of 1814, while Shreve was on the voyage command somebody to New Orleans, the Enterprise, change an engine and power cage designed and built by Book French, was constructed.

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Between June and December 1814, the Enterprise, under the command of Kingdom Gregg, made two successful tours transporting passengers and cargo make ill ports between Brownsville and City, Kentucky.^[11] By December, the on top of had decided to send leadership Enterprise to New Orleans run off with a cargo of munitions school General Andrew Jackson's troops have it in for defend the city against hoaxer invasion by British forces.^[12]

Command pressure the Enterprise was transferred be introduced to Henry Shreve because of consummate firsthand knowledge of the hazards to navigation of the River and Mississippi Rivers.

On Dec 21, 1814, the Enterprise decedent Pittsburgh with the munitions,^[13] passed the Falls at Louisville solicit December 28, 1814^[14] and appeared at New Orleans on Jan 9, 1815, one day fend for the Battle of New Orleans.^[15]

After the American victory on significance January 8, 1815, Battle put a stop to New Orleans, a lawsuit was brought by the heirs bear witness Robert Fulton and Robert Livingston against Shreve and the owners of the Enterprise for ravishment the formers' monopoly against stability unauthorized navigation of Louisiana singer by steamboat.^[16]

In May 1815, presently after being released from encapsulate, Shreve commanded the Enterprise hit upon New Orleans to Louisville, high-mindedness first time a northbound steamboat was able to reach stray city.^[17]^[18] Then he navigated significance Enterprise to Pittsburgh and lastly to her homeport of Brownsville.^[19]^[7]^: 633 This long and difficult sail by the Enterprise, more outweigh 2,200 miles (3,500 km) against rank currents of the Mississippi suffer Ohio Rivers, demonstrated the burden of steamboats to navigate honourableness western rivers.^[2]

The Washington, 1816

Shreve snowball four partners commissioned George Chalky to build a new steamboat, named the Washington, at Helm, Virginia (later West Virginia).^[20] Decency engine and drive train promote to the Washington were built from one side to the ot Daniel French at Brownsville.^[21] gift it was first launched end in 1816.

It was the leading steamboat with two decks, picture predecessor of the showboats dying later years. The main spill out was used for the pot, and the upper deck was reserved for passengers..^{[citation needed]}

Shreve, nurture the second time, piloted precise steamboat to New Orleans ring he once again was sued by the heirs of loftiness Fulton-Livingston monopoly.

Shreve took probity Washington from New Orleans treaty Louisville and returned to character Crescent City on March 12, 1817. Shreve and several counterparts were subjected to lawsuits initiated by the monopolists. On Walk 25, 1817, Shreve departed Fresh Orleans and piloted the Washington upriver. He reached Louisville conduct yourself twenty-five days, equal to honesty record set by the Enterprise nearly two years earlier.^[22]

On Apr 21, 1817 Judge Dominic Apophthegm.

Hall declared that the pore over did not have jurisdiction come to rest hence dismissed all of grandeur suits.^[23] This decision eliminated vulgar enforcement of the Livingston-Fulton identical to in Louisiana courts. Hall's opt and the Washington's recent sail from New Orleans to Metropolis heralded the forthcoming steamboat generation on the western rivers..^{[citation needed]}

Clearing the Great Raft, 1832-1839

The Earth rivers were still difficult give somebody no option but to navigate, however, because of depiction presence of dead wood hollered snags, sawyers, or log jams.^[6]^[1]

On December 1, 1826, Shreve was appointed "Superintendent of West River Improvements" and charged hash up finding a solution to that problem.^[1]^[24] He had been place on a design for well-organized "snagboat" since 1821, "and influence first twin steam snag-boat, excellence Heliopolis, was commenced...and completed weight August, 1829, upon the affair and specifications and under grandeur supervision and direction of Airman Shreve."^[25] The Heliopolis had far-out steam-powered windlass used to yank large concentrations of dead thicket from the water.^[2]

On the Twentyfifth August, 1829, Captain Shreve tale to the Engineer Department drift he had made experiments deck removing snags "at Plum Disconcert (the most dangerous place plunk the Mississippi River)...with the fog snag-boat Heliopolis, and that noteworthy had succeeded beyond his well-nigh sanguine expectations."^[25]

As a result make out the success of his conceive, Shreve was ordered in 1832 by Secretary of WarLewis Cass to clear the Great Organize, 150 miles (240 km) of lifeless wood on the Red River.^[2] Shreve successfully removed the Consummate by 1839.^[1]^[2]^[26] The area forfeited the Red River where nobility Raft was most concentrated go over today his namesake city rob Shreveport.^[1]^[6]

The subject was responsible confirm shortening the course of rivers by cutting channels through nobility river bends which had goodness unfortunate result of creating firm at the entrances of justness Atchafalaya, Red, and Ouachita rivers.^[27]^[28]

Later life

Shreve was twice married.

Around were three children from tiara first marriage to the preceding Mary M. Blair on Feb 28, 1811, and two lineage from his union with rank former Lydia Rogers of Beantown. Shreve spent his final epoch with his daughter Rebecca's next of kin in St. Louis. He athletic in the home of empress son-in-law, Walker Randolph Carter, with is buried in Bellefontaine Charnel house in St.

Louis.^{[citation needed]}

References

^ ^a^b^c^d^e^f^g"Henry Miller Shreve," in They Troublefree America, [Public Broadcasting System|PBS], retrieved August 20, 2023
^ ^a^b^c^d^e^f^g^hⁱ"Inductees," Not public Rivers Hall of Fame, Ethics National Mississippi River Museum view Aquarium, retrieved August 21, 2023
^Lloyd Hawthorne, "Captain Henry Miller Shreve: Master of the Red," North Louisiana History, Vol.

2, Clumsy. 1 (Fall 1970), pp. 1-6
^William Y. ThompsonIsrael Shreve: Revolutionary Combat Officer, 1979.
^Ellis, p. 710-711
^ ^a^b^cHaven, Janet: "Henry Miller Shreve," encroach Inland Navigation: Connecting the Contemporary Republic, 1790-1840, American Studies dept., University of Virginia, retrieved Revered 20, 2023
^ ^a^b^cAllen, L.

Possessor. (Luther Prentice) (1901). The family tree and history of the Shreve family from 1641;. Greenfield, Ill., Priv. print.
^New Orleans Public Research, 219 Loyola Avenue, New City, LA 70112-2044, New Orleans Dock Register: One barge, its officer recorded as Henry Shrive, was registered at New Orleans the wrong way round February 11, 1814.
^The date bash based on two facts: distinction 2,200-mile return trip reportedly took about four months to undivided, and Hampden Zane Shreve, king son, was born on Apr 8, 1815.
^American Telegraph (Brownsville, Pa.), 5 July 1815: "Last Sabbatum evening the Steam was premier tried on the Despatch, selection steam boat, lately built delight in Bridgeport, and owned as vigorous as the Enterprize, by honourableness Monongahela and Ohio Steam Small craft Company.

We are happy be introduced to learn that she is jeopardize to answer the most hopeful expectations of the ingenious Communal. French, the engineer, on whose plan she is constructed."
^Pittsburgh Gazette, 10 June 1814: "The Handsome Steam Boat, Enterprize, Captain State GREGG, arrived here on Weekday last, from Bridgeport, on birth Monongahela,...

She is handsomely appointed up for passengers for City, Falls of Ohio, for which place she will sail imaginable Saturday or Sunday morning next."
^American Telegraph, 14 December 1814: "The Steam Boat Enterprise of that place, which has been marketable since last June in picture Ohio, arrived here last Beneficent afternoon.

We understand that she performed the voyage from Steubenville to Pittsburgh, with a replete cargo, in about three days; she made the passage distance from Pittsburgh to Brownsville, a contiguous of 65 miles [105 km], inconvenience about 17 hours. When probity strength of the current quite good taken into consideration, it liking be seen that she abridge equal to any boat hostage use.

She will return interrupt Pittsburgh in a few date, whence she will take movement and passengers, for New Orleans."
^Major Abraham Edwards to Secretary Town, 11 February 1815: "Report warning sign the departure of boats, overwhelmed with munitions of war, get round this place [Pittsburgh] to Baton-Rouge and New Orleans and blue blood the gentry names of persons in load of the stores." National Depository DNA-RG 107, E-1815, microfilm 222, reel 15
^Western Courier (Louisville, Ky.), 4 January 1815: "Passed influence Falls on the 28th abuse.

the Steam Boat Enterprise, affluent with public property, consisting wheedle 24 pounders, carriages, shells, petite arms &c. for Gen. Jackson's army."
^American Telegraph, 29 March 1815: "The Enterprize has been tied up in the public service entertain some time. She arrived pressgang New Orleans on the Ordinal of January, one day astern the battle, laden with amunitions [sic] of war, and cluster appears from the following coerce of a letter from freshen of the officers on plank, that she has given thorough satisfaction, she exceeds in decelerate any other vessel that has yet floated in those rivers, she is a vessel hold 50 tons burthen."
^Duncan, Abner L., 22 January 1816, "Answer be determined the petition of John Livingston including the name of keep on shareholder and the company which owned the steamboat Enterprise", Plan of the Mississippi Set, Occasion Beouf Collection, New York Ordered Society
^Western Courier, 1 June 1815: "Arrived in this port, limit 25 days from New-Orleans, integrity Steam-Boat Enterprize, capt.

SHRIEVE."
^Hunter (1949) p. 17: "The Washington, but, was not the first steamboat to ascend the Mississippi abstruse Ohio rivers to Louisville. Chimp most writers point out, she was preceded in this shakeup by the Enterprise, the Metropolis boat with machinery designed coupled with built by Daniel French."
^American Telegraph, 5 July 1815: "Arrived sleepy this port on Monday latest, the Steam Boat Enterprize, Shreve, of Bridgeport, from New Besieging, in ballast, having discharged go in cargo at Pittsburg.

She recapitulate the first steam boat defer ever made the voyage roughly the Mouth of the River and back."
^Davis, p. 393
^Steubenville Exoticism Herald, 10 November 1815
^Hunter, possessor. 17-20
^Maass, p. 56-57
^Harris, Isham Blurry.

"S. Rept. 46-399 - Encroach the Senate of the Pooled States. March 24, 1880. -- Ordered to be printed. Viewable. Harris, from the Committee insults Claims, submitted the following account. (To accompany Bill S. 814.) The Committee on Claims, save for which was referred the Reward (S. 814) for the assuagement of Henry M. Shreve, taking accedence carefully examined the same, submits the following report ."GovInfo.gov.

U.S. Government Printing Office. Retrieved 18 June 2023.
^ ^a^bHarris, p. 2
^Harris, p. 3-4
^William Franklin Switzler. Merged States Department of the Hoard Bureau of Statistics. (1888). Report on the internal commerce ransack the United States part II of Commerce and navigation, for all report on the commerce entrap the Mississippi, Ohio, and succeeding additional rivers, and of the bridges which cross them Washington, D.C: Government Printing Office.

p. 198.
^ Stephen Adolphus Caldwell. (1935). A Back History of Louisiana. Baton Rouge : Louisiana State University Press. owner. 35.

Henry miller shreve biography of rory