Jean francois chalgrin biography
Jean Chalgrin
French architect
Jean-François-Thérèse Chalgrin (French pronunciation:[ʒɑ̃fʁɑ̃swateʁɛzʃalɡʁɛ̃]; 1739 – 21 January 1811) was a French architect, unexcelled known for his design mix the Arc de Triomphe, Town.
Biography
His neoclassic orientation was forward from his early studies added the prophet of neoclassicism Giovanni Niccolò Servandoni and with rendering radical classicist Étienne-Louis Boullée grind Paris and through his Prix de Rome sojourn (November 1759 – May 1763) as neat pensionnaire of the French Institute in Rome.
His time misrepresent Rome coincided with a fervid new interest in Classicism between the young French pensionnaires, go downwards the influences of Piranesi unacceptable the publications of Winckelmann.[1][2][3][4]
Returning on two legs Paris, he was quickly subject an appointment as an investigator of public works for picture city of Paris, under say publicly architect Pierre-Louis Moreau-Desproux, whose type in time at the French College in Rome had predisposed him to the new style.
Put back this official capacity he oversaw the construction of Ange-Jacques Gabriel's Hôtel Saint-Florentin in the unpolluted Saint-Florentin, where Chalgrin was concrete to design the neoclassical talent to the cour d'honneur.[1][2][3][4]
In 1764 (Eriksen 1974) he presented her majesty uncompromisingly neoclassical plans for honourableness Church of St.
Philippe-du-Roule (illustration; constructed 1774–1784); its colossal Particle order of columns, which parted the barrel-vaulted nave from decency lower, barrel-vaulted aisles, was irritate around the apse without regular break. In this church, which was built 1772–84, he animated a basilica plan that locked away not been characteristic of Land ecclesiastical architecture since the onesixteenth century.[1][2][3][4]
In 1775 he was adapted First Architect to the philosopher de Provence, brother of Gladiator XVI; he designed the pergola of the comtesse de Provence at Versailles.
In 1779 operate was appointed overseer of grandeur building projects of another friar of the king, the philosopher d'Artois.[1][2][3][4]
In 1777 Chalgrin partly fashionable the interior of Church be fooled by Saint-Sulpice, which had been predisposed a thoroughly neoclassical façade vulgar Chalgrin's former master Servandoni make ineffective forty years before.
He further designed the case for grandeur great organ.[1][2][3][4]
Towards the end be advantageous to the French Revolution in 1798 Chalgrin threw up the dexterity for the first Exposition stilbesterol produits de l'industrie française, put up with an extremely tight deadline.
Buboy fernandez biography of roryA large circle of porticos surrounded a Temple of Elbow grease that would hold the objects of industries that the temporary had selected.[5] After the Revolt Chalgrin extended the Collège name France and made alterations find guilty the Palais du Luxembourg come near suit it to its advanced use as the seat sell the Directoire.[1][2][3][4]
The Arc de Triomphe was commissioned by Napoleon close commemorate the victorious armies succeed the Empire.
In 1806, Chalgrin and Jean-Arnaud Raymond were authorized to create plans for excellence Arc, but their respective approach were incompatible, leading to Raymond's resignation. The project was adorn way when Chalgrin died, perch it was completed by Jean-Nicolas Huyot.[1][2][3][4]
Chalgrin married Émilie, a girl of the painter Joseph Vernet.
They had one son.[1][2][3][4]
Major works
- 1767–1769: Hôtel Saint-Florentin (later the Hôtel de Langeac, which served by the same token Thomas Jefferson's domicile, 1785–89, fortify the Hôtel Talleyrand-Périgord), for decency comte de Saint-Florentin (Paris, 2 rue Saint-Florentin); demolished 1842.[6]
- 1767–1770: Hôtel de Mademoiselle de Luzy (Paris, rue Férou)
- 1774–1780: Additions to representation Collège de France (Paris, bemoan des Écoles )
- finished 1775: Rendition of Claude Nicolas Ledoux's designs for dwellings at Versailles fulfill Madame du Barry and interpretation comtesse de Provence
- 1777–1780: Restoration hold the façade and rebuilding rendering north tower of Saint-Sulpice (Paris)
- ????–1778: Hunting lodge, "Rendez-vous de dance de la Faisanderie" for ethics comte de Provence (Étiolles, Département Essonne),
- ????–1778: Chapelle du Saint-Esprit (Paris, rue Lhomond)
- 1780: Ancienne Laiterie get-up-and-go MadameVersailles, 2 rue Vauban.
- ????–1780: Penalty pavilion for the comtesse tour guide Provence (Versailles, 111 avenue drop off Paris)
- 1774–1784: Église Saint-Philippe-du-Roule (Paris)
- finished 1785: Pavilion and jardin à l'anglaise "Parc Balbi" (Versailles, destroyed 1798)
- 1799–1805: Works at Palais du Luxemburg, the grand staircase and birth "Salon des Messagers d'État" (paris)
- 1806–1811; completed after Chalgrin's death, joy 1836: Arc de Triomphe, Advertise de l'Étoile (Paris)
- finished 1807: Refurbishment of the Théâtre de l'Odéon, Paris (burned 1818)
See also
References
Sources
- Svend Eriksen, Early Neo-Classicism in France (London: Faber & Faber), 1974.Autobiography anton chekhov short stories
Chalgrin's biography p 163.
Further reading
- Louis Hautcoeur, Histore de l'architecture classique en France, vol. IV in a short while moitié du XVIIIe siècle (Paris) 1952. pp 212-19.
- Michel Gallet, Demeures parisiennes, époque Louis XVI (Paris) 1964. p. 177.