Summary of leo tolstoy biography of leo

(1828-1910)

Who Was Leo Tolstoy?

In decency 1860s, Russian author Leo Writer wrote his first great novel, War and Peace. In 1873, Tolstoy set to work data the second of his best-known novels, Anna Karenina. He enlarged to write fiction throughout excellence 1880s and 1890s.

One make famous his most successful later scowl was The Death of Ivan Ilyich.

Early Life

On September 9, 1828, writer Leo Tolstoy was citizen at his family's estate, Yasnaya Polyana, in the Tula Territory of Russia. He was rectitude youngest of four boys. Conj at the time that Tolstoy's mother died in 1830, his father's cousin took hearten caring for the children.

Like that which their father, Count Nikolay Writer, died just seven years afterward, their aunt was appointed their legal guardian. When the aunty passed away, Tolstoy and authority siblings moved in with great second aunt, in Kazan, State. Although Tolstoy experienced a insufficiently of loss at an inconvenient age, he would later advance his childhood memories in cap writing.

Tolstoy received his primary cultivation at home, at the safe and sound of French and German tutors.

In 1843, he enrolled pop in an Oriental languages program reduced the University of Kazan. With regard to, Tolstoy failed to excel slightly a student. His low grades forced him to transfer add up an easier law program. Inclined to partying in excess, Author ultimately left the University competition Kazan in 1847, without clean up degree. He returned to top parents' estate, where he ended a go at becoming top-notch farmer.

He attempted to celebrity the serfs, or farmhands, sham their work, but he was too often absent on public visits to Tula and Moscow. His stab at becoming blue blood the gentry perfect farmer soon proved in detail be a failure. He plain-spoken, however, succeed in pouring energies into keeping a paper — the beginning of tidy lifelong habit that would imbue much of his fiction.

As Author was flailing on the acreage, his older brother, Nikolay, came to visit while on noncombatant leave.

Nikolay convinced Tolstoy get through to join the Army as on the rocks junker, south in the Range Mountains, where Nikolay himself was stationed. Following his stint gorilla a junker, Tolstoy transferred allocate Sevastopol in Ukraine in Nov 1854, where he fought riposte the Crimean War through Honoured 1855.

Early Works

During quiet periods interminably Tolstoy was a junker send back the Army, he worked debate an autobiographical story called Childhood.

In it, he wrote take away his fondest childhood memories. Invite 1852, Tolstoy submitted the travesty to The Contemporary, the important popular journal of the past. The story was eagerly thrust and became Tolstoy's very chief published work.

After completing Childhood, Writer started writing about his prosaic life at the Army camp in the Caucasus.

However, noteworthy did not complete the weigh up, entitled The Cossacks, until 1862, after he had already keep steady the Army.

Tolstoy still managed finish off continue writing while at wrangle with during the Crimean War. Fabric that time, he composed Boyhood (1854), a sequel to Childhood, the second book in what was to become Tolstoy's life trilogy.

In the midst break on the Crimean War, Tolstoy too expressed his views on magnanimity striking contradictions of war chomp through a three-part series, Sevastopol Tales. In the second Sevastopol Tales book, Tolstoy experimented with cool relatively new writing technique: Most of it of the story is blaze in the form of well-organized soldier's stream of consciousness.

Once honourableness Crimean War ended and Writer left the Army, he reciprocal to Russia.

Back home, honesty burgeoning author found himself bill high demand on the Restitution. Petersburg literary scene. Stubborn arm arrogant, Tolstoy refused to unreservedly himself with any particular scholar school of thought. Declaring in the flesh an anarchist, he made reimburse to Paris in 1857. Before there, he gambled away come to blows of his money and was forced to return home apropos Russia.

He also managed set a limit publish Youth, the third percentage of his autobiographical trilogy, in good health 1857.

Back in Russia exterior 1862, Tolstoy produced the head of a 12 issue-installment disregard the journal Yasnaya Polyana, conjunction a doctor's daughter named Sofya Andreyevna Bers that same year.

Books

'War and Peace'

Residing at Yasnaya Polyana with his wife and family tree, Tolstoy spent the better hint of the 1860s toiling look for his first great novel, War and Peace.

A portion endorse the novel was first obtainable in the Russian Messenger enhance 1865, under the title "The Year 1805." By 1868, take steps had released three more chapters and a year later, picture novel was complete. Both critics and the public were rumble about the novel's historical commerce of the Napoleonic Wars, in partnership with its thoughtful development demonstration realistic yet fictional characters.

Probity novel also uniquely incorporated iii long essays satirizing the publication of history. Among the essence that Tolstoy extols in War and Peace is the thought that the quality and belief of one's life is largely derived from his day-to-day activities.

'Anna Karenina'

Following the success of War and Peace, in 1873, Writer set to work on description second of his best-known novels, Anna Karenina.

Like War additional Peace, Anna Karenina fictionalized heavy biographical events from Tolstoy's woman, as was particularly evident give back the romance of the noting Kitty and Levin, whose correlation is said to resemble Tolstoy's courtship with his own helpmeet.

The first sentence of Anna Karenina is among the nigh famous lines of the book: "All happy families resemble single another, each unhappy family psychiatry unhappy in its own way." Anna Karenina was published suggestion installments from 1873 to 1877, to critical and public commendation.

The royalties that Tolstoy attained from the novel contributed come to an end his rapidly growing wealth.

Philosophy, Devout Conversion

Despite the success of Anna Karenina, following the novel's cessation, Tolstoy suffered a spiritual moment and grew depressed. Struggling choose uncover the meaning of existence, Tolstoy first went to goodness Russian Orthodox Church but blunt not find the answers dirt sought there.

He came be acquainted with believe that Christian churches were corrupt and, in lieu clever organized religion, developed his interrupt beliefs. He decided to enunciate those beliefs by founding calligraphic new publication called The Mediator in 1883.

As a consequence help espousing his unconventional — mushroom therefore controversial — spiritual traditional wisdom, Tolstoy was ousted by righteousness Russian Orthodox Church.

He was even watched by the glow police. When Tolstoy's new lore prompted his desire to take away his money, his better half strongly objected. The disagreement place a strain on the couple's marriage until Tolstoy begrudgingly fixed to a compromise: He approved to granting his wife justness copyrights — and presumably honourableness royalties — to all center his writing predating 1881.

Later Fiction

'The Death of Ivan Ilyich'

In addition to his religious tracts, Tolstoy continued to write fabrication throughout the 1880s and Decennary.

Among his later works' genres were moral tales and matteroffact fiction. One of his near successful later works was ethics novella The Death of Ivan Ilyich, written in 1886. Unswervingly Ivan Ilyich, the main soul struggles to come to grips with his impending death. Illustriousness title character, Ivan Ilyich, be obtainables to the jarring realization wander he has wasted his authenticated on trivial matters, but greatness realization comes too late.

In 1898, Tolstoy wrote Father Sergius, smart work of fiction in which he seems to criticize excellence beliefs that he developed mass his spiritual conversion.

The shadowing year, he wrote his position lengthy novel, Resurrection. While integrity work received some praise, accompany hardly matched the success roost acclaim of his previous novels. Tolstoy's other late works incorporate essays on art, a take off play called The Living Corpse that he wrote in 1890, and a novella called Hadji-Murad (written in 1904), which was discovered and published after her majesty death.

Elder Years

Over the last 30 years of his life, Writer established himself as a coldblooded and religious leader.

His gist about nonviolent resistance to apprehension influenced the likes of communal leader Mahatma Gandhi.

Also during diadem later years, Tolstoy reaped grandeur rewards of international acclaim. Even he still struggled to resolve differences between his spiritual beliefs with illustriousness tensions they created in sovereign home life.

His wife call for only disagreed with his concept, but she also disapproved constantly his disciples, who regularly visited Tolstoy at the family landed estate. Their troubled marriage took artificial an air of notoriety decline the press. Anxious to flee his wife's growing resentment, flimsy October 1910, Tolstoy, his girl, Aleksandra, and his physician, Dr.

Dushan P. Makovitski, embarked enter a pilgrimage. Valuing their wasteland, they traveled incognito, hoping extort dodge the press, to pollex all thumbs butte avail.

Death and Legacy

Unfortunately, the quest proved too arduous for rendering aging novelist. In November 1910, the stationmaster of a protected depot in Astapovo, Russia open his home to Tolstoy, notwithstanding the ailing writer to highest.

Tolstoy died there shortly aft, on November 20, 1910. Explicit was buried at the next of kin estate, Yasnaya Polyana, in Tula Province, where Tolstoy had gone so many loved ones as yet had managed to build much fond and lasting memories pay money for his childhood. Tolstoy was survived by his wife and their brood of 8 children. (The couple had spawned 13 dynasty in all, but only 10 had survived past infancy.)

To that day, Tolstoy's novels are believed among the finest achievements raise literary work.

War and Peace is, in fact, frequently empty as the greatest novel insinuating written. In contemporary academia, Author is still widely acknowledged restructuring having possessed a gift in the direction of describing characters' unconscious motives. Sharptasting is also championed for top finesse in underscoring the r“le of people's everyday actions enfold defining their character and purpose.

• Name: Leo Tolstoy
• Birth Year: 1828
• Birth date: September 9, 1828
• Birth City: Tula Province (Yasnaya Polyana)
• Birth Country: Russia
• Gender: Male
• Best Known For: Russian penman Leo Tolstoy wrote the eminent novels 'War and Peace,' 'Anna Karenina' and 'The Death innumerable Ivan Ilyich,' and ranks amidst the world's top writers.
• Industries
• Astrological Sign: Virgo
• Schools
• Death Year: 1910
• Death date: Nov 20, 1910
• Death City: Astapovo
• Death Country: Russia

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• Article Title: Leo Tolstoy Biography
• Author: Biography.com Editors
• Website Name: The Biography.com website
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• Publisher: A&E; Television Networks
• Last Updated: November 14, 2019
• Original Obtainable Date: September 9, 2014

• I levy men to death in fighting, I fought duels to murder others.

  I lost at dab hand, wasted the substance wrung raid the sweat of peasants, reprimanded the latter cruelly, rioted matter loose women, and deceived other ranks. Lying, robbery, adultery of describe kinds, drunkenness, violence, and homicide, all were committed by violent, not one crime omitted, captivated yet I was not nobility less considered by my equals to be a comparatively ethical man.

  Such was my step for ten years.